What are the different types of dental autoclaves?

Although the sterilization equipment used in dental clinics may look similar, these dental autoclaves are typically divided into three main categories based on how they handle air and their capabilities.

1. The "All-Rounder" (Class B Sterilizer)

This is currently the most recommended and powerful type of dental autoclave in the dental field.
Features: It has a powerful vacuum pump. Before heating, it completely removes the air from the sterilization chamber, creating a vacuum.
Strengths: Because it can remove all the air, it can handle a variety of complex items. For example, dental handpieces with internal cavities, tightly sealed instrument packs, or absorbent cotton swabs and cloths.
General assessment: It's a "non-picky" machine; almost all dental tools can be sterilized in it, making it the most reliable type.

2. The "Basic" Model (Class N Sterilizer)

This is a more traditional and simple type of dental autoclave.
Features: It does not have a vacuum pump. It relies on the downward flow of steam to "push" out the cold air.
Strengths: It can only handle exposed, solid, simple tools, such as ordinary metal tweezers or probes.
Limitations: Because it cannot create a vacuum, if the instruments are packaged or have hollow interiors (like small tubes), the air inside cannot be removed, and the steam cannot penetrate. Therefore, it cannot be used to sterilize packaged instruments or complex handpieces.

3. The "Specific Purpose" Model (Class S Sterilizer)

This is a type of dental autoclave that falls in between the other two.
Features: It is designed for specific purposes designated by the manufacturer. It usually also has some form of air removal function, but it may not be as comprehensive as Class B.
Strengths: It is typically used to sterilize specific types of instruments clearly indicated by the manufacturer.
General assessment: It's stronger than the basic model, but not as versatile as Class B; it's a "specialized" piece of equipment.